A disavow file is simply a list of domains that you submit to Google via your Search Console account, indicating that you wish for these backlinks to be ignored. By doing so, Google will not take these links into account when determining your site's authority and rankings.

Google's disavow tool allows webmasters to notify Google of poor-quality links pointing to their website that they do not want associated with their site. This helps SEOs tell Google which external links to be considered when Google evaluates ranking factors.

“Links” is a report within Google Search Console (GSC) that shows how other sites link to your site and how your site links internally. Tracking external links, or backlinks, and internal links is important. It lets you see sites that link to you the most, your most influential pages, and more.